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Handouts from Dr. Millin

NOTES: __**2. Search for Safe Havens - Jewish Emigration from Vienna**__ __**Dr. Ann Millin**__ Amillin@ushmm.org

"chipmunk mode" teachers collect resources in their mouths like chipmunks

The first solution attempted by the Nazis to the so-called "Jewish Question" was to force Jews to emigrate from the Reich. After the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany in the spring of 1938, Adolf Eichmann established the Central Office for Jewish Emigration in Vienna to help expedite the expulsion of Jews from Vienna. The streamlined administration system developed by the Central Office became the bureaucratic model for the expulsion of Jews from the other countries occupied by the Germans until Jewish emigration was forbidden in autumn of 1941. In this session was will examine uai artifacts and documents of the period from the collection of the USHMM challenges faced by the Viennese Jews who sought to save their lives through emigration and reflection on this history, think as well about the challenges faced by contemporary immigrants.

1938 was the fateful year that was actually a turning point in the war and the beginning of the Holocaust

May 2, 1938 was the first year that the Jews lost their autonomy and came under the control of the Gestapo

Eichmann organized the Central Office for Jewish Emigration to get the Jews out of Germany.

Bureaucratic hurdles for emigration: Quota number from the waiting country VERY expensive and difficult to get all the documentation

It was a crime to leave Germany so people had to pay the tax and tickets

Had to pay for their animals or pay to have them put down and cremated.

In some families the men went first and then the women came, but most often the women got trapped and never got out.

The USA allowed more Jews into our country than any other country.

Himmler visited Auschwitz in march 1941 and commanded it's enlargement to 10,000 in preparation for the "Final Solution"

October 1941 there was an order banning Jewish emigration from the Reich

The chart was used at the beginning of the Wannsee Conference. Like a 1940's PowerPoint. The chart was Jewish produced on orders from the SS. Mass gassing begin in spring 1942.

On chart - Jewish death rate increases somewhat because of suicides. The birth rate is almost flat line.

If you were 47 or older, disabled, or a woman your chances of getting out were slim.

See picture Push pull Choice-- factors About a real family/person

See Shanghai Ghetto for some examples of Jews leaving Austria.

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